Acc 561 Week 4 - 716 Words

Week 4: Costing Methods The week four individual paper addresses the implementation of Activity Based Costing (ABC) by Super Bakery, Inc., a virtual corporation founded by Franco Harris. Specifically, management strategies, the reasoning behind an ABC system, and the alternatives of a job order cost system or a process order cost system are assessed for this enterprise. Management Strategies A virtual corporation is described as a technology-linked network of companies, suppliers, and customers that are used by a company to outsource non-strategic business functions (Hershkovitz, 2012). The management of Super Bakery, Inc. identified that they could reduce their costs in permanent staff, fixed assets, and working capital (Kimmel,†¦show more content†¦This type of cost system further allows the activities to be specifically tracked in each of the company’s markets. In a virtual corporation environment, I believe the ABC method to be the most ideal for accurately tracking the costs involved in manufacturing, storing, delivery, and sales. For Super Bakery, Inc. the addition of multiple outsourced companies to their processes meets the criteria of products with manufacturing complexity that requires differing degrees of support services (Kimmel, Weygandt, Kieso, 2009, p. 876). As a result, I agree with Super Bakery Inc.’s decision to implement an ABC system. Options for Job Order Cost or Process Order Cost Systems I do not believe that either a job order or process order cost system would work for Super Bakery, Inc. Job order cost systems are based on one â€Å"work in process† account and a determination of total manufacturing costs at job completion. Because Super Bakery, Inc. is outsourcing many of the product production functions, they will not be able to obtain accurate costs for a particular job. As a result, they will again be forced to â€Å"average† the costs for multiple jobs which will result in an inaccurate overhead assessment. Process order cost systems are based on multiple work in process accounts and determine total manufacturing costs at the end of a time period. Multiple outsourcedShow MoreRelatedAcc 561- Week 41573 Words   |  7 PagesLarson Inc. must consider the alternative economic futures for their industry. In any market, economic conditions will change over time. The company must be able to ad apt and change with the economy to remain successful. The company needs to find solutions for the changing economy to keep increasing their revenue and decreasing their costs. The economy may go through a recession, expansion and peaks over their years in business. Larson, Inc. needs to analyze the difference scenarios and determineRead MoreAcc/561 - Week 4 Costing Methods Essay712 Words   |  3 PagesWeek 4: Costing Methods The week four individual paper addresses the implementation of Activity Based Costing (ABC) by Super Bakery, Inc., a virtual corporation founded by Franco Harris. Specifically, management strategies, the reasoning behind an ABC system, and the alternatives of a job order cost system or a process order cost system are assessed for this enterprise. Management Strategies A virtual corporation is described as a technology-linked network of companies, suppliers, and customersRead MoreACC 561 Week 1 WileyPlus Exercise 1-7, 1-8, and Quiz Study Guide1006 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿ACC 561 Week 1 WileyPlus Exercise 1-7, 1-8, and Quiz Study Guide www.paperscholar.com DIRECT LINK TO THIS STUDY GUIDE: http://www.paperscholar.com/acc-561-week-1-wileyplus-exercise-1-7-1-8-and-quiz-study-guide/ Instantly Download! Get Better Grades in Less Time! 100% Satisfaction Guarantee DESCRIPTION FOR THIS STUDY GUIDE: ACC 561 Week 1 WileyPlus Exercise 1-7, 1-8, and Quiz Study Guide This study guide includes solutions to Wiley plus exercises 1-7, 1-8, and week one practice quiz Read MoreEssay about Preparing a Master Budget686 Words   |  3 PagesWeek Five Individual Assignment Jonathan Scott ACC/561 7-A1) Preparing a Master Budget You are the new manager of the Betterbuy Electronics store in the Mall of America. Top management of Betterbuy Electronics is convinced that management training should include the active participation of store managers in the budgeting process. You have been asked to prepare a complete master budget for your store for June, July, and August. All accounting is done centrally so you have no expert helpRead MoreAcc/561 Sample Final Examination1215 Words   |  5 PagesACC/561 Sample Final Examination Week One: Decision Making Objective: Explain the role of budgets and performance reports in the management decision-making process. 1. The Hola Company held a Christmas party. The company expected attendance of 100 persons and prepared the following budget: Hotel room rental $600 Food 500 Entertainment 800 Decorations 300 Totals $2,200 After all bills for the party were paid, the total cameRead MoreAcc/561 Sample Final Examination 21376 Words   |  6 PagesACC/561 Sample Final Examination This Sample Examination represents the Final Examination that students complete in Week Six. As in the following Sample Examination, the Final Examination includes questions that assess the course objectives. Although the Sample Examination includes one question per objective, the Final Examination includes three questions per course objective. Refer to the questions in the following Sample Examination to represent the type of questions that students will beRead MoreFour Forms of Business Organization 21360 Words   |  6 PagesAcc/561 Week 2 Assignment Instructor: Mark Student: G Toe Washington November 14, 2011 Abstract This is an analysis of the four different forms of business organization. It is a review of the advantagesRead MoreAccounting Final Examination Study Guide1765 Words   |  8 PagesACC/561 Final Examination Study GuideThis study guide will prepare you for the Final Examination you will complete in the final week. It contains practice questions, which are related to each week’s objectives. In addition, refer to each week’s readings and your student guide as study references for the Final Examination. Week One: Financial Reporting and Analysis Objective: Differentiate between financial statements. 1. The _____ is also called the statement of financial position. a.Read MoreStr 581 Essay1954 Words   |  8 Pageswith the textbook used in this course. †¢ Review the Strategic Plan and Presentation Student Information. Course Materials All electronic materials are available on your student website. Week1 Mission, Vision, and Values Tasks †¢ Review the Week One Study Guide. †¢ Review the Capstone Examination Study Materials. Jul, 09 - Jul, 15 Objectives Mission, Vision, and Values 1.1 1.2 1.3 Identify major components of a strategic management process. Evaluate the organizations motivation strategyRead MoreImpact of Macro Economics Factors in Share Market19276 Words   |  78 Pagesand long interest rate. 1.1 MACRO ECONOMIC FACTORS DEFINITIONS To conduct this study, Five MacroEconomic factors were chosen and their definition and impact in Share Market as follows, 1. INFLATION 2. CALL MONEY RATE 3. DEPOSIT RATE 4. DOLLAR VALUE 5. FOREIGN INSTITUTIONAL INVESTORS INFLATION: The overall general upward price movement of goods and services in an economy, usually as measured by the Consumer Price Index, Wholesale Price Index, and the Producer Price Index

What Is Lego Free Essays

Lego is a line of plastic toys that can be constructed into specific sets, characters from movies or books, and anything you want it to be. The Lego Group started out in 1932 and today it’s one of the world’s leading toy companies, In 2016 alone, Lego made 12.4 billion dollars from only lego sets. We will write a custom essay sample on What Is Lego or any similar topic only for you Order Now Today they also have amusement parks with lego rides, stores, and statues made out of legos, such as a pirate ship, Hulkbuster, and Hulk. The man who started the lego group was known as Ole Kirk Kristiansen, who grew up with five brothers and five sisters. By the age of seven he was working for a local smallholder, then a few months later he began to work at a nearby farm. In the year 1903 he was apprenticed as a carpenter with his brother, and worked hard until 1911 when he completed his training. Ole Kirk Kristiansen buys Billund Maskinsnedkeri for DKK 10,000 when the area is just a bunch of small farms and store fronts. This factory manufactures doors, windows, kitchen cabinets, cupboards, coffins, chests of drawers, and tools for digging peat. They also contributed for larger projects, such as fixing farm machinery or constructing buildings, such as the local church. With this skill set and the help of a local architect, he built a new house for him, his wife, and his kids all while paying little to nothing. During the great economic crisis, Ole Kirk Kristiansen was still trying to sell carpentry, but almost nobody could afford his works, forcing him out of work. After that, his wife left him with 4 kids and no money to take care of them. To make easy money during the crisis, Ole Kirk Kristiansen began to make toys, first wooden cars, then airplanes and yoyos. After that he began to make ironing boards, ladders, and christmas tree stands. This did get him through the crisis, but he doesn’t make any real profit and his family doesn’t think his store is very important. Kristiansen asked his brothers and sisters to be guarantors for a loan that would secure his company’s future, they asked him,† Can’t you find something better to do?† Ole Kirk Kristiansen ended up having kids during the 1920s, but the kid who had the most effect on the family company was the third son, Godtfred Kirk Christiansen. He was helping his dad in the shop when he was only four years old. He always said his first memory in there was when they turned on the glue heater, and some wood shavings caught fire and burned the whole place down. The reason Ole Kirk Kristiansen and Godtfred Kirk Christiansen have different beginnings to their names is because people pronounced the name with the â€Å"Ch† and when casually spelling out the name they would use the â€Å"Ch† as well. Ole Kirk Kristiansen never minded the confusion but Godtfred was bothered by it so he had it legally changed to Christiansen. After World War II, Ole Kirk Kristiansen noticed that a new material for making toys was becoming more and more popular; plastic. Plastic was less more malleable than wood and could be acquired easier. Ole Kirk Kristiansen and other Danish toy manufacturers attended a demonstration of an injection-moulding machine in June of 1946, and the machine impressed Kristiansen so he made an order for an injection-moulding machine for his own shop. Ole Kirk Kristiansen’s sons, who were all involved in the family company at the time, collectively disagreed with their fathers decision to invest money into this new technology. They thought while plastic could be used to make prettier toys, wood was the better material because it was the stronger of the two. Their father argued that if they got it right; they could produce toys for the whole world. In 1949, the first of the plastic lego bricks had begun production. They were known as Automatic Binding Bricks, but in 1951, Godtfred Kirk Christiansen changed the name to LEGO Mursten, or LEGO Bricks to further spread popularity of LEGO. By 1953 the LEGO company was ready to go international, starting with the Nordic countries, such as Sweden and Iceland. After that they turned to Europe; starting with Germany. At the time, Germany was the world’s epicenter of toy production. Godtfred Kirk Christiansen during this time often said, â€Å"If we can conquer Germany, we can conquer the world!† In the end they did get to the whole world, but it did take them a while. In 1961, LEGO finally licensed an American company which would begin to sell around the country and in Canada. Once LEGO began to make a name for itself across the entire world, other people and companies started competition with LEGO, giving them a hard time. In 1960. Godtfred Kirk Kristiansen laid down the company rule: following the crucial decision to concentrate all efforts into the LEGO system, saying â€Å"No one must be able to do this better than us.† He also outlines all of their development so far, like this,†We know our idea is a good one. We want only the best †¦ we must make better bricks from even better material on even better machinery. We must get the best people that money can buy for our company.† In 1962, Godtfred Kirk Christiansen’s cousin, Dagny Holm, joined the company and showed a very immense potential for model building with a skilled eye that seemed like it could make anything out of those bricks. She made buildings, castles, animals, people, and furniture. Her skill attracted the public eye and inspired anybody who worked with the LEGO product, making the company’s golden age. Godtfred Kirk Christiansen came up with the idea to use his cousin’s skill to make a display of LEGO models and contacted a few friends to startup the first LEGOLand. Thousands of pounds of earth and vegetation were removed to make ever-changing landscapes in the Miniland. The final product included a train, puppet theater, Native American camp, driving school, neighborhood, windmill, and church, all created by Dagny Holm and her creative team. Within the year of the first LEGOland’s opening, around 625,000 people visit it to see the models or play with the thousands of LEGO bricks around the property. The LEGO company continued to expand and grow until today, where it is still achieving new things and breaking records every day. Almost everybody grew up playing with legos, either building the sets that they sell, playing with friends or making their own creations just for fun. You can ask almost anyone and they can tell you a few memories they have of playing with legos, whether it’s going to Legoland to stepping on them getting out of bed. Today LEGO makes things called Lego Sets. They are meant to be little figurines or models from real life, movies, books, TV shows, and video games. Some examples of these Lego Sets are: hospitals, The Millenium Falcon, Helms Deep, The Death Star, and Space Ships. These sets are sold in boxes, which contain bags of pieces, big and small. Some of the are just meant to be walls, but some of the pieces are doors, stairs, cups, and windows. The sets always have a different number of pieces, depending on the size of the set. Sometimes the piece count is 50, other times it is over 1000. The box also contains a book of instructions, telling the builder where to put the pieces and when to move to other parts. People use these sets for many things. Some people put them up for observation in their rooms, other people play with them until they break, and a very special few people wait several years until that specific set isn’t sold anymore and they sell it for a big price. How to cite What Is Lego, Papers

The story is so common. The lo... free essay sample

The story is so common. The lottery winner with Millions of dollars somehow makes itback to being broke within a few years. It actually happened to someone I went to highschoolwith. Why does this Lottery Curse affect so many people? It is because in the United States, wehave virtually no helpful information about how to make money, keep money or grow money. People who save money are often looked at as boring, not exciting, frugal and possiblyeven cheap; I have been called all of those names, but growing your savings is truly one of thebest feelings in life!! If I were to bring you to my office, like Uncle G says, the first thing we wantto do is help you get your money right!It takes one step at a time, but the things people need to know:1. Just because you make money, does not mean you have to spend it all. We will write a custom essay sample on The story is so common. The lo or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Have you everheard the term my money burns a hole in my pocket? I used to be that way. Every time I gotmy paycheck, I was living large and acting like there was no end to the income†¦.I boughteverything I could until the money ran out and I had nothing for days and days and lived oncredit cards. When I started with World Financial Group over 10 years ago, someone finallyeducated me about how I should think differently about money and how to keep more of it.2. Credit Cards are not your emergency fund. Well, some people use them as such. Whenyou run out of money, its time to not spend anymore until you get paid again. Living within mymeans is one of the best lessons my mother tried to teach me when I was young. I neverlistened and racked up $45,000 worth of credit card debt just before the economy crashed in2008/09. Thankfully, I was able to clear it all up in 3 years with correct coaching and definitelyearning more money. Keep your credit card in your wallet if you can avoid it. 3. Compound Interest: It will be your greatest ally if you use it correctly, but it will be your worstenemy if you abuse it by way of credit cards. At World Financial Group, we teach theentrepreneurs and average people how to make better more educated choices when it comes tocompound interest.4. Earn more money! Put in work where you are able to earn more. If that is not possible, takeon a side job or start a business that you will make money doing. We no longer live in an agewhere people only do one thing. Most everyone has something they do on the side to makeadditional income. The fact of the matter is, in this day and age, if you dont have some type ofside hustle, you may get left behind.5. Separate your money into buckets, envelopes, etc. Just keep them separate. I often doworkshops with kids through our Kid Entrepreneur program BOOM or in the classrooms atschool. I teach them how to separate their money into 5 buckets (charity/tithe, wealth,education, short term savings for a trip, shoes, clothes, music, etc and last is just Blow It onWhatever You Want! If you can separate your money into different places, you will be betterprepared for true emergencies and able to recover more quickly. These are just some basics and baby steps to help people do a little better each day. I am sograteful to have been associated with people who have helped me improve my financialsituation and get on track for my dreams. It has been a wonderful way to learn and teach mykids how to have a healthy relationship with money.

English Language Arts 11 All Questions/Answers ( Introduction to Early American Literature Sentence Fluency) Flashcard

English Language Arts 11 All Questions/Answers ( Introduction to Early American Literature Sentence Fluency)

Honda Essay Example

Honda Essay Example Honda Essay Honda Essay Message from the President and CEO Striving to be a company society wants to exist by continuing to create technologies and products with new value please customers, we will endeavor to provide even better products by redoubling our quality assurance activities. Bringing all Hands resources to bear in a global effort to strengthen our business structure Striving to be a leader in environment and safety Were finally beginning to see subtle signs of a recovery in the global economic slowdown that began with the financial crisis in the United States in 2008. Although a lull recovery in our businesses in Japan, Europe, and the United States will take more time, Honda delivered products to more than 24 million customers worldwide through its motorcycle, automobile, and power product businesses in PAYOFF. Im confident that these results are the product of a concerted effort on the part of our associates, suppliers, dealerships, and other partners to supply products and services that will please customers while respecting local culture and customs in accordance with our policy of manufacturing close to the customer, a philosophy Honda has embraced nice its founding. Nowhere is this success more evident than in China, where we sold a record 580,000 automobiles during 2009, and in Thailand, where we are manufacturing the PC scooter, a strategic global model, and expanding our business from Asia to the world. Nonetheless, the business environment in which we operate continues to be a challenging one, and I recognize that it is essential for Honda Group companies worldwide to come together to strengthen our business structure through the targeted application of limited management resources to key segments of our operations. We also face challenges in fulfilling our responsibilities as a manufacturer of mobility solutions. Consistent with our historic commitment to manufacturing high-quality products that will CARS Report 2010 During 2010, we launched the CRY-Z sport-type hybrid, which combines environmental friendliness with driving pleasure, as well as the Nope generator, which runs on ordinary household butane gas canisters. Were planning to including a hybrid model of the Fit hatchback and the EVE-neo electric motorcycle. We also plan to contribute to the resolution of environmental issues from the standpoint f renewable energy utilization by promoting use of residential generation units and thin-film solar panels, which use less energy and generate lower CA emissions during the manufacturing process than conventional silicon-based solar panels. Additionally, the Gawk Plant, which began operations in 2009, is striving to implement environment- and people-friendly operations, particularly through initiatives to reduce energy consumption. The facility has been designed with future generations in mind, for example by minimizing generation f waste products during the plants future demolition, using recyclable building materials, and making use of construction techniques that minimize the structures environmental impact. How do we make products environmentally friendly? How do we make them useful and convenient? How do we make them fun to use? Honda is committed to bringing its full resources to bear on the effort to realize a low-carbon society by developing technologies for reducing CA while sharing Joy and excitement with its many customers and other stakeholders. Honda has led other companies in developing proprietary cosmologies for dealing with safety issues, in keeping with its Safety for Everyone philosophy. Honda strives to pursue safety initiatives by taking advantage of the uniqueness of these technologies. We have sought to live up to the principles of this philosophy by working to communicate the freedom and Joy of mobility to all the people of the world through our motorcycle, automobile, and power product businesses as well as through projects such as ASIMOV, Handset, and new mobility technologies such as Walking Assist. Creating products and technologies that offer new value and exceed the expectations of our customers and stakeholders worldwide, we are striving to be a company that society wants to exist. Honda associates are uniting worldwide, taking on the challenge of fulfilling our responsibility to society. Striving to realize a sustainable society through a Group-wide effort to provide new value The Honda Philosophy, which includes fundamental beliefs in terms of respect for the individual and the Three Joys, forms the basis for all corporate activities and serves as the standard for conduct and decision-making by Takeout Tit President and CEO 6

3 Tricks to Figure out the Authors Tone

3 Tricks to Figure out the Author's Tone Authors tone is simply an authors expressed attitude toward a particular written subject. It may not be his or her actual attitude as authors can certainly express an attitude other than their own. Its very different from the  authors purpose! The tone of the article, essay, story, poem, novel, screenplay, or any other written work can be described in many ways. The authors tone can be witty, dreary, warm, playful, outraged, neutral, polished, wistful, reserved, and on and on. Basically, if theres an attitude out there, an author can write with it. To better understand tone, you should practice. So, now that you know what it is, how can you determine the authors tone when you get to a reading comprehension test? Here are a few tricks to help you nail it every time. Read the Introductory Info On most major reading comprehension tests, the test makers will give you a little snippet of information along with the authors name prior to the text itself. Take these two examples from the ACT Reading test: Passage 1: This passage is adapted from the chapter â€Å"Personality Disorders† in  Introduction to Psychology, edited by Rita L. Atkinson and Richard C. Atkinson ( ©1981 by Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, Inc.). Passage 2: This passage is adapted from the novel The Men of Brewster Place  by Gloria Naylor ( ©1998 by Gloria Naylor). Without reading any portion of the text itself, you can already determine that the first text will have a more serious tone. The author writes in a scientific journal, so the tone will have to be more reserved. The second text could be anything at all, so when youre reading, youll need to use another trick to determine the authors tone. Watch Word Choice Word choice plays a major part in the tone of a piece. If you look at the examples given in the What is Authors Tone article, youll see how very different an identical situation can be by just the words an author chooses to use. Look at the following words and see how they reflect a different feeling, even though the words are similar in meaning. Sit in the sunshine and smile. Bask in the brilliant rays. Discover your giggle.Sit in the hot sun and smirk. Recline in the glaring rays. Hunt for that snicker.  Sit in the warm sun and grin. Relax in the warm rays. Look for a chuckle. Even though all three sentences are written almost identically, the tones are very different. One is more relaxing- you can picture a lazy afternoon by the pool. The other is more joyful- maybe playing in the park on a sunny day. The other is definitely more sarcastic and negative, even though its written about sitting in the sun. Go With Your Gut Often, a tone is tough to describe, but you know what it is. You get a particular feeling from the text- an urgency or a certain amount of sadness. You feel angry after reading it and can sense the author is angry, too. Or you find yourself chuckling throughout the text even though nothing comes right out and screams funny! So, on these kinds of texts, and the corresponding authors tone questions, trust your gut. And on the authors tone questions, hide the answers and make yourself come up with a guess before looking. Take this question for example: The author of the article would most likely describe ballet as... Before you get to the answer choices, try to finish the sentence. Put an adjective in there based on what youve read. Amusing? Essential? Cut-throat? Joyous? Then, when youve answered the question with a gut reaction, read the answer choices to see if your choice, or something similar, is there. More often than not, your brain knows the answer even if you doubt it!

English - Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

English - - Essay Example Both papers agree that addictions are â€Å"rooted in unhappiness†, though Dr. Mate in his essay states this from the onset and Mr. Alexander takes two pages through various information in history to bring this point across. Nevertheless, they are agreed that one does not become addicted simply because one â€Å"wants† to be addicted to something; there must be some underlying cause within a person’s life to quite literally â€Å"force† them into addiction, whether it be drugs, alcohol, or anything else. Both essays state clearly that there must be some unhappiness or something on the whole that the person is lacking, that is then filled when the addiction is discovered. However, in reading both papers, while they present differing viewpoints on the issue of addiction, it is my belief that the more fair, just, and realistic attitude is expressed by Dr. Gabor Mate in his essay, â€Å"Embraced by the Needle†, because unlike Mr. Alexander, Dr. Mate end eavors to approach the issue of addiction by individual example with firsthand information, and not blaming society as a whole. The issue of addiction is thoroughly and repeatedly discussed from different viewpoints in both papers. Mr. Alexander tries to make the point that free-market societies are to blame for society’s ills and addictions, by treating them badly and displacing them, while Dr. Mate takes a more firsthand approach to the issue. Though Mr. Alexander cites many case histories throughout his essay, â€Å"Addiction in Free Markets†, they are always in the third person, and not one is backed by data or facts outside of his observations of the early 21st century and the historical nature of his work. Specifically discussed in â€Å"Addictions in Free Markets† are the plights of Native Americans to become easily addicted to alcohol, citing that society is to blame because it ‘dislocated’ them by making them leave their original tribal lan d. Mr. Alexander also states that before this â€Å"forced dislocation† had occurred, alcohol was rarely used or consumed by Native Americans, sometimes only in ceremonial purposes; therefore, the blame is on the free-market society that pushed the Native Americans from their land. In presenting this issue, Mr. Alexander does not quote one Native American, nor does he use scientific studies to back up his claims, thereby only presenting one issue and only one side of that issue. Though history sometimes speaks for itself, the voices of those living with the dislocation (even generations later) would have presented a more fair, and just, approach to the topic, as Dr. Mate presents in his paper by using firsthand quotes and case studies with his patients. Mr. Alexander also makes the point that â€Å"free-market societies universally dislocate their members, leading to mass addiction.† Can one action really doom a set of people? The answer is no. Each and every person is an individual, and therefore it is up to them how they deal with a set of circumstances. No two people are alike, and therefore cannot be expected to react or deal with a situation the same way. Much of Mr. Alexander’s essay focuses on the fact that because a certain group of people were dislocated or displaced, they were doomed from the outset, no matter what happened. While Dr. Mate agrees that there must be some underlying cause or issue in addiction, he prefers to present each person as a unique individual. While it is true that Dr. Mate uses group

Metadeta Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Metadeta - Essay Example To be precise, metadata refers to the descriptive set of information, which is used to explain or clarify the meaning of a particular data resource. The presentation further clarifies that metadata provides information that defines when, how and by whom a specific set of computer was put together or collected. In addition to this, metadata further defines how that data is formatted. In this sense, it can deducted that metadata simply entails a well-designed set of computer data that explains or provides additional information about another data. This information is very important in aiding computer scientists, software engineer and other professionals in getting a thorough understanding of what the content of a particular data set is. A good example metadata is a set of information about an author, title and size of data contained in a particular file. Among the areas where metadata has been increasingly in use is in data warehouses. In addition, XML web applications have also been widely applying the use of metadata in their web content (Turner 88). Chen, Ruey-Shun and Yu, Shien-Chiang. â€Å"Developing an XML framework for metadata system†. ISICT 03 Proceedings of the 1st international symposium on Information and communication technologies (2003): 267-272 print.

Sampling and Data Collection Essay Example for Free

Sampling and Data Collection Essay For Jose Cuervo to stay ahead of the game, qualitative and quantitative data must be collected to develop the new tequila line and stay ahead of the competition. Collecting quantitative data on the tequila is relatively easy, whereas collecting qualitative data, on the other hand taking a significantly larger and more meticulous effort. To collect such data a survey was conducted to determine whether or not Jose Cuervo should introduce a new tequila line specializing in the women market. A convenience method was used because the sample was made up of one hundred women who were easy to reach at various locations. A series of four questions regarding the likes and dislikes of tequila was made. From the data collected Jose has decided to analyze the data as follows. If, 65% of the individuals gave positive feedback then Jose Cuervo would accept and launch the new tequila line Reina de la Noche. According to the data the one of the highest scoring questions showed that 85% of the population surveyed likes to drink tequila. Furthermore, 95% of these individuals have confidence that they would drink tequila if it were fruity in flavor. It is also very important for Jose Cuervo when introducing a new product that the value and consumption of the current high quality tequila does not weaken. Jose Cuervo believes the high scores in these categories reinforces and confirms the hypothesis. However, there are a number of challenges as it relates to the validity and reliability of the research question, the data collected, and analysis. Challenges to validity and reliability The results from the survey help confirm the validity and reliability of the product. Because, each experiment will not generate the same results unless we have the same size population and sample size. The first survey question asked to the women was do they like tequila? 85 women said that they liked tequila, whereas the other 15 women that took the survey did not. The second question was as a woman would you drink tequila if it were more focused to what appeals to women? 95 women said that they would drink tequila if it were more appealing to drink than the original tequila, whereas 5 said they still would not drink tequila. The third question was what is your age? This question was divided into four categories: 21-25, 25-35, 35-45 and 45 plus. Out of the one hundred women that took the survey 45 were between the ages of 21-25. 30 women were between the ages of 25-35. 15 women were between the ages of 35-45 and ten women were age 45 and over. The challenges to gain the validity throughout the entire research were less. The research question has to be reworded to gain the specific answers the research need from the sample. This also did affect that data from which the sample may be miss lead or confuse by the miss wording. Jose Cuervo has to found the error without rewording parts of the research question. The fourth question was would women like this drink and how do they like the new low calorie tequila consume each week? This question was divided into three categories: zero-three, three-six and more than six. Out of one hundred women, 35 women drink zero-three drinks per week. 55 women drink three-six drinks per week and ten women drink more than six drinks per week. Steps to minimize challenges The first step would be to take a group of individuals to test the new liquor out. They will participate in the questionnaire with their given responses on the Jose Cuervo. The feedback will be what we need to get results from the gathered data according to what the individuals used to sample recorded. This will give us some accurate figures as to whether our line of Jose Cuervo will succeed or fail in the industry with the selected targeted individuals that we have chosen. We will then find another group of individuals to use for the test and give them the same information to receive their given responses. Their feedback will be compared to the Group A responses. This will give us even more accurate results that we can use to complete our intended targeted information. This is called the test and retest measure for accuracy to find out if what we are doing is the right thing. The results or findings are reinforced to ensure that the hypothesis will be accepted. Without this replication of results, the experiment and research will have not fulfilled the requirements to make this a testable event (Shuttleworth). Order of Power Once the surveys were collected, each category was assigned a numeric value. By sorting the data using numeric values, the responses could then be evaluated using a nominal scale. Furthermore, by using this method the data was able to be analyzed statistically and allowed for the sample to be projected to a broader population. Conclusion In conclusion, the information research and analysis is used so that Jose Cuervo can be assured that the investment of launching a new tequila line will be successful. Furthermore, this information will help with the marketing and product analysis for this new low calorie tequila beverage. Since, the results concluded that 85% of the women that took the survey liked tequila and 95% agreed that they would try tequila if the flavor changed, Jose Cuervo feels confident that the new tequila line Reina de la Noche would be successful. Reference Cooper, D.R. Schindler, P.S. (2011). Business research methods (11th ed.). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill/Irwin. Shuttleworth, M. Validity and Reliability. Retrieved from www.explorable.com

Interpret and Draft DISA Completion Reports :: essays research papers fc

A completion report is one of three reports. The situation is based on conditions that exist at the time a TSO directs as to when a circuit, trunk, or link is expected to be available. The 3 types of reports are In-Effect Report, Exception Report, and Delayed Service Report. In-Effect Report (IER) – The facility or activity designated in the TSO (normally the CCO or CMO) will, within 72 duty hours (based on 24-hour workday not including weekends and holidays) of completion of action on the TSO, forward an in-effect report directly to the originator and all addressees of the TSO. If the service being ineffected has been assigned a TSP, the in-effect report, containing the applicable TSP Authorization Code, must be submitted to: "MGR NCSTSP WASHINGTON DC." This report will be submitted either when the service is provided end-to-end and accepted, meets all details of the TSO, and meets all technical parameters of the specified technical schedule, or to clear previously submitted exception or delayed service reports. One service will be covered by one in-effect report. In-effect reports will contain the following information: Subject: In-Effect Report, or Multiple In-Effect Report. (Submit multiple report only if TSO was multiple.) Reference: Identification of the message forwarding the TSO. Item 1: Complete TSO number. Item 2: TSR number from TSO paragraph 2N. Item 3: CCSD or trunk ID from TSO paragraph 2A. Item 4: Commercial carrier and commercial circuit number from TSO paragraph 3X2A or other sources, or enter NA. Item 5: Type action from TSO paragraph 2C. Item 6A: Date, time, month, and year of completion of action. Item 6B: Date, time, month, and year commercial service was provided, or enter NA when no commercial service has been requested. Item 7: Remarks. Note any administrative comments or minor changes authorized under DISAC 310-130-1, chapter 2, paragraphs 7.2.2 and 7.2.3. Item 8: Point of contact. Name, organization, and DSN/ commercial telephone number of person submitting the in-effect report. Item 9: NCS assigned TSP Authorization Code from item102 of the TSR and/or paragraph 2B of the TSO. Subject: In-Effect Report for XXXX Reference: MSG DTG XXXXXX mmm XX 1. TSO Number 2. TRS Number 3. 8 Digit CCSD 4. Commercial carrier circuit number or NA 5. Action (START, CHANGE, AMEND, DISCONTINUE) 6a. In-service DTG 6b. Commercial In-service DTG 7. Remarks 8. Point of Contact 9. TSP Authorization Number Exception Report – The facility or activity designated in the TSO (normally the CCO or CMO) will, within 72 duty hours (based on 24-hour workday not including weekends and holidays) of completion of action on the TSO, submit an exception report if end-to-end service is provided and accepted with some exceptions to, or deviations

Effectiveness of the Criminal Justice System in NSW

‘Evaluate the effectiveness of the criminal justice system in NSW'The NSW criminal justice system relates to all areas associated with the law and law enforcement, including those who are incarcerated, on probation, or suspected of committing a criminal offence. In evaluating the effectiveness of the criminal justice system in NSW there are three issues which can be considered; alternatives to gaol, charge negotiation and the role of the courts.These issues promote or demote the effectiveness of the NSW criminal justice system, especially when evaluated in terms of equality, accessibility, resource efficiency, and the balance of rights for victims, offenders and society. These issues are also discussed widely in the media, which presents a different perspective for many of these issues, and provides the necessary pressure required to initiate law reform on these issues. One of the most important issues in the NSW criminal justice system is the availability of alternatives in punishment, aside from incarceration. Apart from criminal infringement notices, there are many more serious alternatives to a prison sentence, including home detention. Home detention, created under the Home Detention Act 1996 (NSW), is applicable for certain offenders, who have committed non-violent crimes and have been sentenced to less than 18 months imprisonment. Home detention is likely to be controversial for more serious offences such as murder or sexual assault, as there is possible high risk of reoffending. Community service orders are also available as a means of shaming and punishing offenders, while facilitating rehabilitation by requiring a period of amending their wrongs towards the community. Diversionary programs are used to divert certain offenders from reoffending, through rehabilitation. Over 150 offenders a year complete The Drug Courts diversionary program. According to the NSW Crime Bureau analysis of the effectiveness of the Drug court, they found that; 37% of criminals were less likely to be reconvicted for any offence, 65% were less likely to be reconvicted for offences against the person and 57% were less likely to be reconvicted for a drug offence. The use of these alternatives are effective in terms of the aforementioned criteria as it provides a sense of equality between different members of society tried for the same crimes, as they each have the capacity to be given the same diversionary program, as long as they satisfy the necessary criteria. The diversionary programs are very resource efficient as they typically cost less per day than the $205 necessary for the average prison inmate. It also provides a balance of rights for the victims and the offenders, as well as society as they are all benefiting from these programs. Charge negotiation, including plea bargaining, is where charges are either dropped, or reduced in return for an early guilty plea, as set out in the Crimes (Sentencing Procedure) Act 1999. There are many issues associated with charge negotiation, as shown through ‘True Plea on Justice', a Daily Telegraph article published on October 11th 2010, which details the plight of victims of crime, who are not told of the charge negotiation taking place, until they attend the trial. Under new guidelines from the state government, prosecutors must now complete a certificate detailing the consultation with victims and their families. This reform of current guidelines shows the inadequacies when regarding the balance of rights for victims, although this issues is being rectified. Charge negotiation is also effective when assessed for resource efficiency, as the cost of a sometimes lengthy trial is avoided. The role of the courts is imperative to having an effective legal system. The role of the courts is to ensure a fair trial ensues. Equality within the court system is a major concept, and is exemplified through the necessary impartiality of magistrates, judges and juries. Once again to ensure equity judges and magistrates are bound to follow precedent, or follow sentencing guidelines according to the Criminal Procedure Amendment (Sentencing Guidelines) Act 1998. Many of the crimes prosecuted are outlined in the Crimes Act 1900 (NSW), which is accessible to all members of the public, under the rule of law. The courts attempt to use resources efficiently by using juries in all matters bar summary offences, and by requiring ‘leave to seek appeal' when appealing to the Supreme Court to ensure that court resources are not tied up in unsubstantiated appeals. The courts also provide a balance for victims, offenders and society, by providing necessary sentences the magistrate or judge feels is necessary to reflect the standards of society, ensure a fair outcome for victims and also to not be excessive to offenders. The criminal justice system in NSW is effective in the sense that it provides an equal, accessible and resource efficient system in which justice is achieved. It also provides an impartial field for offenders to be tried, and as such come to outcomes that benefit the victim and society as a whole. There have been recent developments to ensure this balance remains, as is the case of victims regarding charge negotiation, showing the development and thus effectiveness of the criminal justice system in reflecting societies beliefs and values.

Case Study on Calculous Cholecystitis Essay

I.Introduction A. Concepts in nutrition, medical nutrition therapy, and organ systems concerned Nutrition is the study of food in relation to health. The Food and Nutrition Council of the American Medical Association defined nutrition as the â€Å"science of food, the nutrients and other substances therein, their action, interaction and balance in relation to health and disease, and the processes by which the organism ingests, digests, absorbs, transports, utilizes and excrete food substances.† Nutrition is also concerned with the physiologic needs of the body in terms of specific nutrients, the means of supplying these nutrients through adequate diets, and the effects of failure to meet nutrient needs. In this similar viewpoint, nutrition is also concerned with the social, economic, cultural, and psychological implications of food and eating. Nutrition follows the four basics concepts, namely: 1.) Adequate nutrition is essential for health. 2.) Food items are classified according to content in terms of majority of nutrients, broadly classified as carbohydrates, proteins, fats, minerals, vitamins and water and are needed daily in the diet of humans. 3.) An adequate diet is the foundation of good nutrition, and it should consist of a wide variety of natural foods. 4.) Nutrients should be provided preformed in food, whereas a few may be synthesized within the body. 5.) Nutrients are interrelated and there should be metabolic balance in the body. 6.) The body constituents are in a dynamic state of equilibrium. 7.) Human requirements for certain nutrients are known quantitatively within certain limits. 8.) The effects of nutritional inadequacy are more than physical; behavioral patterns and mental performance are also compromised, and; 10.) Proper education, technical expertise in addition to the use of all resources available in the practice of nutrition will help upgrade the nutritional status of people. (Lagua, Claudio and Ruiz, 2004) Race has been a predisposing factor in developing gallstones. Westerners usually develop cholesterol stones, while Asians tend to have pigment or mixed stones. There has been an increasing prevalence of calculous cholecystitis in the Philippines. Whatever the type, size or origin of these stones, they can present with a variety of signs and symptoms. Stones develop in a sluggish, diseased gallbladder. Formation of stones may be due to infection, stagnation of the bile or changes in the chemical composition of the bile, overeating or poor eating habits. Obesity is highly associated with prevalence of gallstones. Prevalence increases with age, history of diabetes mellitus and elevated serum triglycerides ( Lagua, Claudio, 2011) The gallbladder may contain one large stone or many small ones. Infection accompanied by formation of gallstones is referred as calculous cholecystitis. Often times, people with gallstones must have their gallbladder removed through a process called cholecystectomy. Transition diets are given accordingly after surgery and if the patient advances to an oral diet post-surgery, intake of fat is allowed as tolerated. As an accessory organ, the gallbladder is fairly easy to live without. Once it is removed, bile travels from the liver directly into the small intestine. B. IMPORTANCE/ SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY Disorder of the accessory organs present a significant impact on the absorption and nutritional status of an individual. Failure to give immediate treatment could bring about complications which are more difficult to manage. These complications may or may not possibly lead to death of an individual. This study was conducted to enable the students to practice his/ her skills on Diet Therapy I. It may help the students to understand better the disease condition, the actions and interactions of food and medications to the body and the rationale for the diet prescription for the case patient. Moreover, it would help the students, as well as the readers to draft a nutritional care plan for patients with calculous cholecystitis upon acquiring information about the disease through data collection. C. Objectives (General and Specific) The study generally aims to analyze, assess and give proper recommendations to a patient diagnosed with calculous cholecystitis. This study was also conducted to allow students to apply the knowledge gained in the lecture and laboratory class of Diet Therapy I. The study specifically aims to: 1) Gather all the necessary information from the patient’s medical records and the interview 2) Assess the patient’s nutritional status and disease condition base from the information obtained 3) Know the causes, signs and symptoms of the disease condition and its complications 4) Determine and relate the factors and causality for the formation of the patient’s disease 5) Interpret and relate the findings to the patient’s disease condition 6) Formulate a nutritional care plan for the patient 7) Provide a diet prescription appropriate for the condition of the patient 8) Provide short and long term intervention for the patient and other recommendation that could help the prevent disease condition of the patient. D. Limitations of the Study The case study is only limited to the disease condition of the patient with calculous cholecystitis and its possible complications if not given immediate intervention. Due to time constraints, the attending physician and nurse were not interviewed for further understanding of the disease. There was also no diet prescription written on the patient’s medical chart, thus, the hospital’s cycle menu was used as a basis for some computations and analysis. II. Methodology Students of Diet Therapy I were grouped into pairs and were asked to get a patient for the case study. Approved letters provided by instructors of Diet Therapy II, requesting for a case patient with infections, burns, surgery, allergies and diseases of the gastro-intestinal tract were personally submitted to different hospitals in Laguna. Laguna Provincial Hospital in Sta. Cruz Laguna accommodated the request, with the approval of the medical director and assistance of the attending physician, nurse and head nutritionist-dietitian. In the nurses’ station, the necessary information was gathered on the selected case patient and the medical records were copied as data for the study. An interview with the case patient followed afterwards. The patient, together with her aunt, was interviewed to collect necessary data such as personal information, nutritional and dietary history and the 24hr. food recall. Before the said interview, a questionnaire was formulated to systematically and completely obtain all the essential information for a better further analysis. Questions include the 24-hour food recall of the patient food intake (prior to admission and during confinement), personal data, signs and symptoms experienced, patient’s tolerance and acceptance to the food given in the hospital, and some other information that would be beneficial to the study. After data gathering, the case was analyzed and a case study was then formulated. This was done through evaluation of the disease condition of the patient and correlating the symptoms experienced by the patient with the clinical manifestation of the disease. The dietary and the medical intervention given to the patient were also analyzed. This included correlating the principle and rationale of the diet with the patients’ actual illness. The possible nutrient-drug interaction that can happen due to the prescribed medication to the patient was also analyzed. The result of the laboratory and biochemical findings of the patient was also interpreted. After this, the diet of the patient PTA and DC were analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively. The diet was evaluated quantitatively by computing the CPF of the patient’s food intake and computing the adequacy of that diet. Qualitative evaluation, on the other hand, was used using RDA. After analyzing the recommendations given to the patient, short-term and long-term diet plan was prepared for the patient. In computing the desirable body weight (DBW), the Tanhausser’s Method. The WHO standards for body mass index served as the basis in determining whether the client’s nutritional status. Method I was used to determine the patient’s total energy requirement (TER) for long term intervention and the carbohydrates-protein-fat distribution was distributed using the non-protein calorie method. III. Theoretical Considerations A. Disease Condition Calculous cholecystitis or cholecystolithiasis, is caused by the precipitation of the substances contained in the bile, mainly cholesterol and bilirubin with accompanying inflammation. The bile is consisted of bile salts, cholesterol, bilirubin, lecithin, fatty acids, electrolytes and water usually found in the plasma. The cholesterol formed in the bile has no function; it is only a by-product of bile salt formation and the presence is only linked in the excretion of bile. Cholesterol is normally insoluble in water and this is where lecithin and bile salts combine with it to form micelles. Inside the gallbladder, water and electrolytes are absorbed in the liver bile, causing it to be more concentrated. Lecithin and bile salts are not absorbed in the gallbladder, their concentrations increases alongside cholesterol’s. This is the mechanism of maintaining the solubility of cholesterol. B. Definitions and Classifications Cholecystitis – inflammation of the gallbladder. There has been an association of cholecystitis with cholelithiasis. There is almost always a close association with complete or partial obstruction of the stones formed inside the gallbladder. Cholelithiasis – gallstones that precipitated from bile, cholesterol or bilirubin due to impaired gallbladder function or excessive production of by-products from fat digestion. C. Etiology Gallstone formation is due to bile salt, pigments and cholesterol salt accumulation. The stones rub off on the walls of the gallbladder, causing pain and inflammation in the subsequent internal structures. There is also a link between elevated or abnormal estrogen levels with gallstone formation. D. Incidence/ Prevalence There is a 10% incidence of adults getting gallstones. Approximately, there are twice as many women who develop this disease and it increases with age: after 60 years old, there is a 10-15% prevalence in men while a 20-40% prevalence in women was noted. E. Pathology Gallstones obstruct bile flow and causes reflux and subsequent inflammation in the gallbladder. The inflammation is caused by chemical irritation from the concentrated bile, along with the swelling of the mucosal area and ischemia from venous congestion and stasis. Bacterial infections may be a complication and this could account for the infection and could reach the adjacent gallbladder through the circulation. Staphylococci and enterococci are the most common pathogens. Perforation of the gallbladder could lead to gangrene. F. Clinical Manifestations and Underlying Mechanisms Pain is evident in early cholecystolithiasis. There is similarity in the pain experienced with biliary colic and is usually felt after a fatty meal. Pain is experienced in the right upper quadrant and there is spasm in the right, subcostal region. There is elevation in total serum bilirubin, amino transferase and alkaline phosphatase. G. Prognosis After cholecystectomy, patients can return to work in a span of 1-6 weeks. IV. The Patient A. Personal Data The patient is Chastine Salazar, 28 years old, female admitted on January 3, 2013 at Laguna Provincial Hospital in Sta Cruz, Laguna. Her physician is Dr. Flores. B. Socio-Economic History The patient works as a registrar in the Head Office of AMA in Quezon City, Philippines. Due to her sedentary lifestyle, she and her husband jogs for 2 hours every weekend. Her middle-class income allows her to select food items of higher market value, thus chocolate is always present after every meal. The patient does not smoke nor drink but based on the interview, it was found out that she uses laxatives due to constipation problems. C. Present illness and chief complaint Patient has cholecystolithiasis with cholecystectomy as the surgical procedure of which 8 marble-sized gallstones were removed. Pain and vomiting was experienced by the patient and was immediately rushed to the hospital on January 3, 2013. D. Past Illnesses and surgery, allergies, hospitalization There were no family history of predisposing risk factors to cholecystolithiasis but it was found out from the interview that the patient has allergic reaction to sea foods and patient has allergic rhinitis of which she has treated before with steroids. E. Physical State of Health Patient has allergy to sea foods and has allergic rhinitis. Patient also has constipation of which she self-medicates with laxatives. G. Nutritional and Dietary History It was observed from the 24-hr food recall that the patient has frequent consumption of chocolates and carbonated beverages. There was also a high intake of fatty and fried food and dishes every day. Snacking patterns are also noted as the patient tends to overeat every 3 hours.

The Legacy of Thomas Jefferson essays

The Legacy of Thomas Jefferson essays On March 04, 1801, Thomas Jefferson was inaugurated president of the United States of America in the new capital of Washington D.C. He was a simple, frugal, and unconventional president. He started the precedent of sending messages to Congress to be ready by a clerk, and some believe that it was he who truly set the two-term precedent for the presidency. Thomas Jefferson instilled his democratic ideals and liberal principles into the forming of the United States of America, and he served Her extensively and faithfully. Through his faithful terms as President of the United States of America he added on to the list of legacies that would survive him through history. His three most important legacies during his presidency were: The peaceful Revolution that took place during his first term; the purchase of the Louisiana Territory; and authorization of the Lewis and Clark expedition. Jefferson won the 1800 presidential election after the House of Representatives settled the electoral-vote tie with his Federalist opponent, Aaron Burr. During his first term, Jefferson attempted to win the allegiance and trust of Federalists by maintaining the national debt and debt-repayment plan of Hamilton, as well as carrying on neutrality policies. He retained the loyalty of republicans by adhering to their guiding principle of limited central government (reduced military size, eliminated the number of federal jobs, repealed excise taxes, and lowered national debt). He also pardoned those serving time under the Sedition Act and enacted a new naturalization law that returned the years needed for immigrants to gain citizenship from fourteen to five. Most importantly, however, Jefferson led a revolution with the peaceful transfer of power from Federalists to Democratic-Republicans, which showed that a change of administration did not have to involve a disastrous outcome. In 1802 the Spaniards at New Orleans ...

Analysis of Public Celebrity Apologies in America

Analysis of Public Celebrity Apologies in America Devin Black Julia TofantÃ… ¡uk Their circumstances and effects via analyzing specific cases Introduction Recently, I have become aware of a trend that has been sweeping across America – the celebrity apology, or precisely, the non-apology. I think I have always been aware of the constant apologies made by celebrities, but it has only been in the past year when I have actually paid attention to the words they were using to apologize, and under what circumstances they were apologizing. In fact, the exact moment when I became infatuated with the celebrity apology was when I was listening to a broadcast of the Opie and Anthony Radio Show in March 2014 and the hosts were discussing the numerous celebrity apologies that had been made during the previous week. Their discussion about celebrity apologies began to consume the show daily, until they officially established an â€Å"Apology Clock† on June 5, 2014 (Apology Clock, 2014). The experiment was to see if they could go t en days without a celebrity apology. The results showed that they could not, as there was at least one new apology a day and more often than not there were apologies from multiple celebrities. Their research ended unexpectedly one month later when one of the hosts became a victim of the celebrity apology. I will discuss more about this later in the paper. For the purposes of this paper, I will begin by defining the terms and scope the paper covers. Secondly, I will present some cases from a wide range of circumstances which celebrities apologized, and the results of their apology. Finally, I will discuss Americans’ reaction to the celebrity apology. Definitions According to the Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary , a celebrity is defined as â€Å"a person who is famous.† For this paper, the definition will be narrowed to only a person who is recognizable in North America and broadened to include corporations, as these are considered individuals under the law. An apol ogy is defined as â€Å"an expression of regret for having done or said something wrong.† For this paper, we also need to consider the definition of a non-apology apology , which is defined as â€Å"a statement that has the form of an apology but does not express the expected contrition.† An example of a non-apology apology would be saying â€Å"I’m sorry that you feel that way† to someone who has been offended by a statement. This apology does not admit that there was anything wrong with the remarks made, and additionally, it may be taken as insinuating that the person taking offense was excessively thin-skinned or irrational in taking offense at the remarks in the first place (Lazare, 2005). Case Studies of celebrity apologies and the results of the apology There are hundreds, if not thousands of examples of celebrity apologies. For this paper, the time frame of the case studies of celebrity apologies examined will begin in 1998, well after the advent of the Internet. This starting point was chosen because the Internet disseminates information almost effortlessly, therefore more people would be aware of the apologies given by celebrities.

The Management of The Hotel Olympia Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

The Management of The Hotel Olympia - Essay Example It is evidently clear from the discussion that the management in the hotel will improve on the existing accounting systems as well as be coming up with a work breakdown structure (WBS) in order to define the employees discrete work elements in such a way that it will help organize as well as define the total work scope of the project. The management as part of the project will also apply the top-down strategic planning to ensure that the hotel can compete effectively in the global market. The hotels back office accounting systems had been computerized years ago for the effective functioning of the business and this needs a number of improvements. The front desk functions like the reservations check in and check outs are a mixture of word processor template to produce bills as well as spreadsheets for room bookings and they are usually printed manually every day. The management, therefore, feels important to integrate more systems to avoid manual work and increase efficiency. When ord ering food from the restaurant and drinks from the bar and restaurant, it becomes quite unreliable. With advanced knowledge of bookings would try to ease ordering and booking and with a computerized ordering system which would allow stocks of food to be minimized would reduce food wastage and allow for considerable savings. The Olympia games will be held in the region in three months time and we should take advantage of this great opportunity to expand the ordering and bookings systems since most of the customers would like to book for our services online. The hotel will triple its residency for the period of the games and for several months afterward. Extensive marketing will also be done and the following include the marketing strategies the management will apply.

Free Speech Controversy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Free Speech Controversy - Essay Example The mother then reported the content of that book to a local news station known as KOAT, which was said to have been biased on how it reported the case. As the case remains undecided, the book may have been removed from the shelves of the library because they found out that it violated school district policies. She brought the book to the attention of other authority bodies such as the Public School officials from Rio Rancho who also agreed on the inappropriateness of the content. On one side of the debate are Catreena Lopez and the Public School officials who are against the book remaining at easy reach of under age students who should not be exposed to pornographic content. On the other side is CBLF that is fighting the challenge and ensuring that the school district of Rio Rancho abides by its pre-established challenge policy (Williams). This policy concerns requesting of reconsideration on library materials as well as the formation of a review committee that should decide the appropriateness of the book and whether it should remain in the library. In this case, the remedy being sought is amendment of the constitution. This is because the challengers would lose the case if the First Amendment stands behind the author of the work in question. The first amendment eliminates governmental constraints to speech implying that it is protecting the author of the book in question (First Amendment).This seems to imply that the only way the book can be kept completel y out of the library shelves is to amend the constitution and include clauses that would forbid the content in that book. Therefore, the challengers are seeking the amendment of the constitution to accommodate their claims of what inappropriateness is and may even prompt the removal of other materials if the amendment goes through. This is not the first time that such a case has been brought up but CNN also highlighted a

Israeli and Arab conflict Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Israeli and Arab conflict - Essay Example It starts with the Biblical story of Abraham who moved from the land of Ur in present-day Iraq/Iran to the land of Canaan as it was then called. According to Biblical traditions, Abraham was promised the whole land adjacent to the Red Sea and within the west of the Jordan river. However, there were some native Canaanites on the land. Abraham's grandson, Jacob (Israel) moved to Egypt with his children and grandchildren. They lived in Egypt for a few hundreds of years and became a great and populous nation. They then returned to the land of Canaan a few generations after Abraham. The descendants of Abraham became known as the Israelite community. They lived side-by-side with the natives of the land of Canaan. This include the Philistines, the Jebusites, the Hittites and many other native tribes. After a few centuries, the Israelite community became more numerous in the land and with the rise of David as king and leader of the community, it was transformed to a state and its capital was established in Jerusalem. The State of Israel was however divided into two: Judah in the South and the Northern Kingdom. The northern Kingdom was destroyed and the people were sold into nations around the world. The people from Judah however remained a united state around the capital Jerusalem. Eventually, the Roman defeated Judah in AD63 and the remnants of Judah were sold as slave in the Diaspora (Safrai 1). In the Diaspora, the people of Judah continued to maintain their traditional practices and maintained their identity. They became known as the Jews. Meanwhile, the Romans renamed the State of Israel Palaestina which became known as Palestine (Safrai 1). As the Roman power faded, the land of Palestine was inhabited by people from other Middle Eastern origins and this include the Canaanites, Philistines and others who lived in the land before Abraham moved onto it. After the Romans, the land came under the control of the founder of Islam and his successors. As a result of that, they converted to Islam and assimilated to the main sphere of Arab communities. However, the land of Canaan/Israel became known as the Holy Lands and it changed hands for generations before the Crusaders contested over the land for generations. Eventually, it became part of the Ottoman Empire in the 1500s and it remained under Ottoman rule until 1918. British Rule & Palestine The Ottomans were Muslims, however, they never considered themselves Arabs (Willner et al 487). There was therefore a clear distinction between Ottomans or Turkish Muslims and Arabs of the Middle East and North America. During the era of the Ottoman domination of the Middle East and North America, the Arabs were ruled by Ottoman governors. Hence, the British defeat of the Ottoman Empire came with a promise of liberating the Arabs after the war (Willner et al 489). Britain used a complicated system of forming alliances and diplomatic ties with different peoples around the world during the First World War period which was fought between 1913 and 1917. The defeat of the Ottoman Empire was part of the â€Å"Asian Theater† of a larger war that was fought in Europe and other parts of the world. Britain had used the help of the Americans, Monarchical Russia and many others to defeat the Germans in the European War. They had also promised the Jewish Group seeking a homeland for the Jewish people known as the Zionists in Europe and around the world that they will help

Sociological perspectives of family and household

Sociological perspectives of family and household Introduction For the purpose of the assignment title I aim to explain four sociological perspectives of the family and the household. I will also try and evaluate each perspective and give my own opinions of their views. I will then go onto explaining how childrens roles and the roles and relationships have changed within the family over time, and give a brief overview of how the family in todays society has changed through diversity and multi-cultural structures. Functionalism Functionalists view the family as a nuclear family structure, i.e. a mother, father and 1 or 2 children. Murdock surveyed 250 societies from the small hunting tribes to the large industrialised societies. He found that in every society there was some form of a nuclear family, he concluded from this study that the nuclear family was universal. Murdocks definition of a nuclear family is The nuclear family is a universal human social grouping. Either as the sole prevailing form of the family or as the basic unit from which more complex forms are compounded. It exists as a distinct and strongly functional group in every known society, (Murdock cited in Haralambos, M. 1985. 326) Within the framework of the nuclear family, Murdock identified with four family functions which if were ignored, society would not exist. Sexual, Reproduction, Economic and Education were the four functions. Similar to Murdock, Tallcott Parsons another functionalist had his own views of what functions the nuclear family should contribute to society. He believed that there were two important roles within the family Expressive and Instrumental. The womens role was the Expressive role as she was the one who raised, nurtured and taught the children the norms and values within the home. The mans role was the Instrumental role because he went out to work to provide financial security for his family. Parsons also identified the family as being the primary agent of socialisation and came up with the warm bath theory primary socialisation (norms and values) and stabilisation of adult personalities (support and love for the adults within the family. Criticisms Functionalists view of the family is similar to a fairy tale, because they ignore the family dynamics and in some families the darker side i.e. abuse, neglect and violence through male domination. Marxism A Marxist perspective of the family saw the family as a means of production and cheap labour whereby they are influenced by capitalism in a capitalist society. Marxists identified three main functions which they saw as a way for the family to fulfil for capitalism. Inheritance of Property means that in order for property to be handed down to a legitimate heir, sexual relationships need to be restricted to one person, thus the offspring would be blood related. For this to happen, The monogamous nuclear family developed with the emergence of private property, in particular the private ownership of the forces of production, and the advent of the state, (cited in Haralambos, M. 1985. 340) The second function is the Ideological Functions which families need to fulfil by socialising children with the ideas that there will always be bosses and workers within a capitalist society. The last function looks at the Unit of Consumption whereby families work to produce goods, which are bought by the families to enable them to be fed and clothed, which bring greater profit for the capitalists. Criticisms Marxists ignore the different structures of families which are found in todays society and with this the different roles within the family. Feminism Feministic views of the family are split into 3 groups, similar to that of the key perspectives. Liberal feminists believe that both the male and the females have equal roles within the family when it comes to the household chores and childcare. Marxist feminists view the women as the producer of future workers and womens oppression stems from capitalism and not the family. Radical feminists view of the family structure is one of patriarchal and that men are seen as the enemy. This type of family within society is also seen by feminists as the key institution in its contribution to maintaining social control Criticisms All three branches of feminism view the nuclear family as the most dominant unit within society, as well as believing that all members of the family serve society, performing different functions. Post Modernist A post modernistic view of the family is at the opposite ends of the scale to functionalism. Post modernists believe that in most societies there are diverse and multi-cultural types of families where members within these units are free to make their own life choices as to how, what and where they live, work and socialise within society. Post modernists also believe that everyone is entitled to the same opportunities in education, healthcare and family support as in their view, there are no class divisions (working and ruling classes), in most societies. Zietlin et al summarises this view of the world, The post modern world is shaped by pluralism, democracy, religious freedom, consumerism, mobility and increasing access to news and entertainment, (Zietlin class handout 2009. 92) Criticisms Because of their views of equal opportunities and freedom of speech and choices they ignore the fact that some people can and do make wrong choices with regards to ignoring the norms and values which are passed down the generations which inevitably upsets the social control aspects in some societies. How the roles and relationships of the family have change over time. Sociologists view childhood as Social Construction because they are biologically distinct from adults, (Harris, M. 2008.44) For this reason I will explain the question in two parts. Children The role of the child within a pre-industrial family (pre 1750), was one of equal standing. As soon as the child could walk and talk they were taught the family trade and were expected to carry on the family tradition. After the industrial revolution came the emergence of the industrial family (1800-1900), when children as young as 6 or 7 were sent to work in factories and down coal mines to bring money into the family home, however this brought about higher mortality rates because children werent as strong as adults. The mortality rates went into decline when the modern industrial family emerged (1900-2000), this is because children were starting to be seen as children and not as cheap labour. Experiences of childhood began to emerge for the majority of children within families, however there are still some societies today that still send their children out to work, but this is now not the norm in todays world. Gender roles and relationships During the pre-industrial years both men and women worked together with other family members. However this all changed between 1750 and 1900 when women were expected to stay at home and be responsible for household chores, childcare and producing the future workforce. This type of family structure was very patriarchal the men had the power so they were the dominators in the family. However this started to change when the modern industrial family emerged between 1900 and 2000, as more women were given the opportunity to become educated, this led to more women in the workforce. This led the family to share the household chores and the childcare and sometimes swap roles within the family if the man became unemployed. Diversity of the contemporary family structure What is a family? This question has been raised by many sociologists and the majority of these have all had different opinion. However in answer to this question, a family can be the nuclear or extended type of family, which are 2 or 3 generations living under one roof. This type of family was more common pre-1750 when families worked with and supported each other, and which still does happen in some cultures and societies i.e. Asian families. Other types of family structures which are more common in Britain today are the one parent families, the step families, the divorced families and the gay and lesbian families who have children. Families today are extremely diverse and multi-cultural through social influences from the media, education and global improvements. Conclusion Throughout this assignment I have paid particular attention to the different views of Functionalism, Marxism, Feminism and Post Modernism. I have given an evaluation of each perspective and have briefly described the changes in roles, relationships and structures within families. I have concluded in my evaluation that my opinion of families and households is one that in todays society of choice, freedom, diversity and multi-cultural structures that post modernism is by far the best view and explanation of society today. BIBLIOGRAPHY Haralambos, M Heald, R. (1985) Sociology Themes and Perspectives, (2nd ed), London, Unwin Hyman Limited. Harris, S (2008) Sociology AS A2 Revision, (3rd ed) Essex, Pearson Education Limited. Ritzer, G (1996) Modern Sociological Theory, (4th ed) Singapore, McGraw-Hill Book Co. Taylor, P. et al (1995) Sociology in Focus, Bath, Bath Press Zietlin, M. et al (1995) Strengthening the Family Implications for International Development, Tokyo, United Nations University Press www.sociologyonline.co.uk www.sociology.org.uk

Childhood Obesity Essay -- Health, Diseases, Overweight

The World Health Organization (2006, WHO) defines obesity as a body mass index (weight-for-height) equal to or more than 30. In the UK the prevalence of obesity in childhood has significantly increased over the past twenty five years. A study commissioned by The Health Survey for England (HSE) showed that between 1996 and 2001 the proportion of obese children aged six to fifteen rose by 3.5 per cent from 20 per cent to 23.5 per cent of the population in that age bracket; there is no reason to suspect that the children of England are not representative of the United Kingdom as a whole. Concern has grown that because of this increase obesity-related diseases, such as diabetes and heart disorders, will, in due course, occur in more adults than at present and that they will be diagnosed at a much earlier age. There has been strong government action to address the problem of childhood obesity, most notably as one of the five outcomes sought within Every Child Matters (DfES,2003,ECM). This was established in 2004 by the Department of Children, Schools and Families, with the intention of working together with other with other children’s services in order to approach and promote the well being of children. Further evidence is becoming available of more detailed analyses of the incidence of obesity by age, sex and geographical region. Using graph (i) below, produced for the National Child Measurement Programme from the NHS Information Centre (2009), we can see that the percentages of children falling into the â€Å"underweight†, â€Å"overweight† and â€Å"obese† categories remain generally stable over the three years reviewed, except that there was an increase of just over 1% in the â€Å"obese† category between 2006/07 and 2008/09. It is, however, disturb... ...iet and therefore stronger government action and funding would be needed in order to reverse the current trend. Moreover, parents need to be more aware as there is evidence from the Forecasting Obesity 2010 (2006) documents that suggest that for both boys and girls, a significant number of children who live with parents who are classified as overweight or obese tended to be obese themselves. Little evidence is yet to suggest a high success rate, although Jamie Oliver has had a relevant impact on healthy food within the school environment. This could eventually, therefore, show a stabilisation of percentage of obese children. Nevertheless, this is based on limited data over a three year period and for this to be established, or even improved, there needs to be several more years of relevant data to prove that this is, in fact, a trend rather than a periodical error.

Film Critique The Queen Essay

Movie roles performed by high caliber actors and actresses of living icons are always the hardest to portray. Helen Mirren’s portrayal of HRH Queen Elizabeth II, has given us an amazing resemblance (although without as much effects and make-up the resemblance ended) and an in-depth visual and emotional recognition of the British royal who was considered to be so distant and ethereal. I am more than glad that the Reston Multiplex Movie Theatre was comparably filled with older adults than the usual teenage movie goers so I was afforded the chance to concentrate on the film. Generally, the film may not appeal to the younger audience for its lack of pound for pound action and intrigue. However it does gives us an idea of how the British monarchy behaves, as the apex of the British class system. We seldom see portrayals that are free from bias especially when the subjects are as famous and influential as the Queen and her family. But the events that catapulted them into the public eye may have relieved them of their tight bond to maintain their feelings to themselves. Diana’s death has given us glimpses into their private lives which the Queen vehemently tried to seclude her family from the curious and even blatant questions of the public and the press. We see how the Queen reacted and tried in earnest to maintain her stance and tradition to shy away from the camera and the public even as the image-conscious PM Tony Blair continued to cajole the Queen and her family out of their shells. It has also given us an insight to the life the British Royal couple has led all these years which shows support for each other and a husband who is willing to stay behind the shadow of his wife and yet live admirably together in harmony. The family’s traditional and puritan values saw the British monarch trying to distance herself away from the prying eye of the media upon news of Diana’s death. The queen’s immediate concerns were for the â€Å"boys† alone after learning of the tradgedy while vacationing at Balmoral Castle, Scotland. Apparently Diana had fallen off from the royal family to warrant the kind of behavior and almost distant hatred even after learning the news of her accidental death. Public sentiment against the monarchy grew as the Queen and family continued to be absent from the public eye even as Britain grieved for the death of their princess. Seemingly, Diana had been closer to the Britons because she showed what it was like to live a fairy tale life in the beginning and showed to the world that the monarchy was not as invincible as it seems. Profoundly Diana has created a breathing, real life princess capable of feelings thereby creating a certain link of reality to the masses and thereby showing that the monarchy was no different from anyone. Eventually as grief poured, sentiments against the monarchy grew, which PM Tony Blair handled superbly thereby surging his popularity in tune with the national mood. He became closer to the British public and the world. His continued calls for the queen and the family to at least make statements were left ignored at first with Lord Mountbatten (James Cromwell) seemingly disgruntled over PM Blair’s (Michael Sheen) insistence. The Queen explained her position to Blair that Diana lost her relation to the royal family when she divorced her son, the Prince of Wales and insisted that mourning should be a private matter handled by her own family and not by the British Crown. Later on, the Queen who was known to stick to her principle gave in after mistakenly assuming that the public sentiment will slowly ebb over time. After so much criticism from the British tabloids for failing to offer any sign of condolence, and advice from Blair on how the royals should conduct out of public respect, the Queen finally gave in despite disagreement from her mother and gave a speech praising Diana’s life and work. The British flag was also allowed to fly at half mast and a public funeral was hosted in memory of Diana. The queen was then pushed into public view as Mirren’s brilliant performance showed her exact reaction while coming out to look at the flowers in front of the curious British public who was equally assailed with mixed emotions. It was a moment that I held my breath because I had seen the actual a dozen times on television and hardly noticed any difference. The scene showed Elizabeth’s graceful human side and strength both at the same time. Her candid response to the flowers given to her showed her awe that revealed her human nature that no amount of pretense a queen could mask. In effect, the movie was critical of the monarchy but candid and transparent in its portrayal that was sometimes funny and empathic. It evoked the true nature of the royal family’s behavior and sometimes leaves us questions of their simplicity or sarcasm in public statements. Martin Sheen’s portrayal of a young and enthusiastic Tony Blair also showed a generous amount of political set-up reminiscent of the time when PM Blair suddenly gained massive popularity following Diana’s death. His behavior was indeed fitted with the contemporary mixture of grief that called for human decency and respect during Diana’s death which the royal family had mixed initial feelings of. In summary, the movie showed to the world the importance of adapting to change as opposed to the views of rigid tradition which could have led to stagnation. It also showed us that family traditions and values are being questioned in the face of common contemporary behavior and modes. Public figures are always subjected to observation and ridicule because the public always love to know how public icons behave in the face of adversities and criticize any actions for consumption. The Queen (2006) Movie. Starring Helen Mirren as the Queen Elizabeth II; James Cromwell as Lord Mountbatten and Martin Sheen as PM Tony Blair.

After earth review Essay

In this review, we will discuss Will Smith’s movie â€Å"After Earth† directed by M. Night Shyamalan. Smith’s movie is about a military father and his teenage son. One thousand years after cataclysmic events forced humanity’s escape from Earth, Nova Prime has become mankind’s new home. Legendary General Cypher Raige returns from an extended tour of duty to his estranged family, ready to be a father to his 13-year-old son, Kitai. When an asteroid storm damages Cypher and Kitai’s craft, they crash-land on a now unfamiliar and dangerous Earth. As his father lies dying in the cockpit, Kitai must trek across the hostile terrain to recover their rescue beacon. In Kitai’s whole life, he has wanted nothing more than to be a ranger like his father. After watching Smith’s movie, we shall be claiming that human can fly on the sky. Besides, we also agree that space does not contain oxygen. In the movie, we do agree that earth contain gravitational force. Moreover, the love of a father is one of the moral value that we agree in this movie. However, we disagree with some points in the movie especially the decrement of the temperature in the earth. Other than that, we also disagree the function of the video-audio system. Will Smith’s movie is about in the near future, an environmental cataclysm forces the human race to abandon Earth and settle on a new world, Nova Prime. In this movie, the main characters are General Cypher Raige and his son Kitai Raige. One thousand years later, the alien creatures plan to attack the Nova Prime and take over the planet by using Ursas, blind predatory creatures that hunt and kill the human by sensing or smelling the fears from human. They struggle against the Ursas until General Cypher learns how to completely suppress his fear by a technique called â€Å"ghosting†. After teaching this technique to the other Rangers, he leads the Rangers to victory. General Cypher brings his son with him and the Rangers for the â€Å"ghosting† training. However, the spaceship is caught by an asteroid shower forcing them to crash-land on the Earth. But both Cypher’s legs are broken. Furthermore, he and his son are the only survivors . Cypher gives a mission to his son to find the tail of the spaceship and get the space-signal device. During the mission, his son, Kitai Raige, fight against many challenges to reach the tail of the spaceship. Unfortunately, the cage of the Ursas broke and it escapes to hunt for Kitai, but at the end Kitai learn to suppress his fear in order to kill the Ursa and send the signal back to his planet. Finally, he successes to do so. From the movie, the first point that we agree is human can fly on the sky. In the movie, the main character, Kitai jumped from the cliff after quarrelling with his father. He flied on the sky and chased by an huge eagle. This was because he got a small ‘wing’ at his back. Otto Lilienthal (23 May 1848 – 10 August 1896) was a German pioneer of aviation who became known as the Glider King. He was the first person to make well-documented, repeated, successful gliding flights. Thus, the main character in the movie applied the concept and theory that proved by Otto Lilienthal. Furthermore, we agree that space does not contain oxygen. In the movie, Kitai and his father used oxygen supply at spacecraft. They needed breath through oxygen supply. On our outer space there isn’t oxygen because it is related to the formation of life on our planet. And the oxygen layer goes up to 50 kilometers from the Earth. From this point to upwards there isn’t oxygen. This layer of oxygen was formed taking on account the amount of dead organisms in the beginning of the life formation. This process took millions of years to produce enough amount of O2 necessary to the life. For example, all the spaceman in the world still need to carry big oxygen container in order to breath at space. Other than that, we totally agree that earth contain gravitational force. As mentioned by General Cypher Raige in the movie, earth contain high gravitational force than other planet. If earth does not contain gravitational force, all the living things and non-living things will float on the sky. In 1687, Sir Isaac Newton, who discovered gravity, was a mathematician physicist. Many people have the image that he was sitting under an apple tree when an apple fell and hit him on the head, thus giving him the idea for gravity. In reality what he discovered was that there existed a force that is required to change the speed or direction of a moving object. After much further experimentation he wrote his theories of gravity. They have been the basic mathematical solutions for the way that things attract and repel for hundreds of years now. Besides that, we also agree a moral value which is the love of a father to his son. In the movie, we can see that General Cypher loved his son very much. Before his son carried out his mission, Cypher taught him how to survive and guided him through the screen. Cypher did not take the pain killer although both of his legs broke. This was because he will feel sleepy and cannot see clearly after taking it as he want to protect his son through the screen in the spaceship. As mentioned in the movie, the temperature at earth will decrease 5  °C for every 10minutes during night time. We disagree with that statement. In the movie, the surrounding of the forest freeze when temperature dropped. However, if according to the statement mentioned in the movie, the surrounding impossible will freeze. For example, during night time, temperature of earth is 27  °C and the temperature decrease 5  °C for every 10minutes. After 10minutes, the temperature will become 22 °C. After 20minutes, the temperature will drop till 17 °C. From the calculation, we can conclude that the surrounding will not freeze in a short time. This is because the temperature is decrease gradually and it need long time to freeze the surrounding. In addition, we disagree the function of the video-audio system in the movie. In the movie, Kitai’s father put a small camera at his back in order to guild Kitai. However, there got some scenes that General Cypher can observe his son from front view. This was no logic because the camera was set at the back of Kitai. In this review we have discussed Will Smith’s movie â€Å"After Earth†. Smith’s review covers several points such as human can fly on the sky. He show us the moral value about the love of a father. He also claim that space does not contain oxygen and earth has gravitational force. However, we do not agree with his claim that temperature at earth will decrease 5  °C for every 10minutes during night time and the function of video-audio system.